38 países que pueden ingresar a EE.UU. sin visa

38 paã ­ses que pueden ingresar an EE.UU. sin visa Los ciudadanos de 38 paã ­ses pueden ingresar sin visa an Estados Unidos cuando la finalidad de su viaje es hacer turismo, negocios o recibir tratamiento mã ©dico en aplicaciã ³n del Programa de Exenciã ³n o Exoneraciã ³n de visas (VWP, por sus siglas en inglã ©s). En este artã ­culo se informa sobre cules child esos paã ­ses, cã ³mo aplica el VWP a las personas con doble nacionalidad, en quã © circunstancias se pierde este privilegio para viajar sin visa, cundo es obligatorio solicitar una Autorizaciã ³n de Viaje conocida como ESTA y, finalmente, los inconvenientes de viajar sin visa an Estados Unidos, el caso particular de los canadienses y consejos para evitar tener problemas como turistas. Listado de 38 paã ­ses autorizados an ingresar sin visa Pueden ingresar an Estados Unidos sin visa al amparo del Programa de Exenciã ³n de Visados los ciudadanos de los siguientes paã ­ses cuando el balance del viaje es turismo, negocios o tratamiento mã ©dico: AlemaniaAndorraAustraliaAustriaBà ©lgicaBruneiChileCorea del SurDinamarcaEslovaquiaEsloveniaEspaà ±aEstoniaFinlandiaFranciaGreciaHolandaHungrà ­aIslandiaIrlandaItaliaJapà ³nLetoniaLiechtensteinLituaniaLuxemburgoMaltaMà ³nacoNoruegaNueva ZelandaPortugalReino Unido (sã ³lo Inglaterra, Escocia, Gales, Irlanda del Norte, Islas del Canal y de Man)Repà ºblica ChecaSan MarinoSingapurSueciaSuizaTaiwan Doble nacionalidad y VWP Frecuentemente se da el caso de que personas de Latinoamã ©rica tienen, adems, un pasaporte incluido en el listado de VWP, como por ejemplo, el espaã ±ol, el italiano o el portuguã ©s. Este beneficioâ aplica tambiã ©n, en principio, an esas personas que tienen doble nacionalidad. Es decir, aunque hayan nacido y vivan habitualmente en un paã ­s no incluido en el VWP si adems tienen un pasaporte de un paã ­s sã ­ incluido pueden utilizar este à ºltimo para ingresar y salir de EE.UU. sin visa para negocios o turismo. Por supuesto, no estn obligados a hacerlo, pero pueden si desean evitarse pagar por una visa y la visita al consulado o Embajada para la entrevista de solicitud. Sin ban, existe una importante excepciã ³n an esa regla general y es que si una persona con doble nacionalidad tiene negada la solicitud de una visa History of the U.S o ha tenido una y le ha sido cancelada o revocada no puede viajar an EE.UU. con su otro pasaporte y sin pedir visa. Por ejemplo, un colombiano con doble nacionalidad colombiana y espaã ±ola que ha pedido una visa de turista an Estados Unidos con el pasaporte colombiano y la solicitud fue negada no puede ingresar an Estados Unidos sin visa con un pasaporte espaã ±ol. Requisitos bsicos y autorizaciã ³n previa conocida como ESTA Para ingresar an Estados Unidos sin visa es necesario, adems de pertenecer an un paã ­s incluido en la lista de los VWP, cumplir los siguientes requisitos: En preliminary lugar, el balance de ingresar an Estados Unidos es una visita como turista, para hacer negocios o tratamiento mã ©dico. Por ejemplo, no se puede estudiar a tiempo completo ni cursos de inglã ©s ni educaciones ms regladas. En segundo lugar, para viajar sin visa es imprescindible no haber tenido jams una peticiã ³n de visa negada, ni con un pasaporte de un paã ­s incluido en el VWP ni con otro. En tercer lugar, si se llega an EE.UU. por aviã ³n en una aerolã ­nea comercial es necesario obtener previamente una autorizaciã ³n electrã ³nica aprobada (ESTA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s).Si se llega en aviã ³n privado es necesario solicitar una visa standard. Si se ha viajado con anterioridad an Estados Unidos, se requiere haber cumplido con todos los requisitos migratorios, como salir no quedarse ms tiempo del permitido. En esos casos, la solicitud de la ESTA serã ­a rechazada. Si se entra an Estados Unidos por visa terrestre no se pide la ESTA previamente al viaje, sino que se llena el formulario I-94W una vez que se est en el puesto migratorio. En otras palabras, se necesita pedir la ESTA si se llega an Estados Unidos por aviã ³n comercial o barco y no se necesita si se llega por vã ­a terrestre. En cuarto lugar, feed que tener un pasaporte electrã ³nico con fotografã ­a advanced y chip. En la actualidad, prcticamente todos child ya asã ­. Finalmente, no se puede estar en la categorã ­a de inadmisible o inelegible para una visa Yankee folklore. Si el oficial en el control del paso migratorio al llegar an Estados Unidos detecta alguna de esas circunstancias entonces rechazar permitir el ingreso al paã ­s de la persona extranjera. Excepciã ³n que aplica y no se puede viajar sin visa No pueden viajar sin visa a pesar de tener un pasaporte de un paã ­s incluido en el VWP y deben aplicar por una B-2 las personas que se encuentran en una de estas dos situaciones siguientes: han viajado an Irn, Irak, Libia, Somalia, Sudn, Siria o Yemenâ con fecha elâ 1 de marzo de 2011 o posteriormente.tienen doble nacionalidad con Irn, Irak, Siria o Sudn. Si tuvieran una ESTA en activo, à ©sta se ha cancelado y ya no sirve para viajar an Estados Unidos. El Secretario de Seguridad Interna (Homeland Security) puede permitir excepciones an esa regla para personas que hayan viajado an esos paã ­ses por negocios legã ­timos, por ser periodistas o por ser miembros de organizaciones internacionales u ONGs. Tambiã ©n se permiten excepciones cuando la presencia responda a fines diplomticos o militares. Inconvenientes de ingresar an EE.UU. sin visa Ingresar sin visa tiene las ventajas de que no feed que pagar la cuota por la misma y que no roughage que acudir a la entrevista en el consulado. Sin ban, viajar sin visa puede tener una importante desventaja y es que bajo ninguna circunstancia la estancia en EE.UU. puede ser unrivaled a 90 dã ­as. No es posible pedir una ampliaciã ³n de la estancia ni pedir un cambio an una visa. La à ºnica posibilidad es salir del paã ­s o, en caso contrario, la persona se quedar en situaciã ³n de ilegal desde el punto de vista migratorio. Para ampliar an ese plazo no se puede intentar engaã ±ar al sistema saliendo por unos dã ­as a Canad, Mã ©xico o Bahamas. No se van an obtener dã ­as additional items. Paã ­ses con los que se negocia posible inclusiã ³n en programa VWP Desde hace aã ±os, los Estados Unidos est negociando ampliar el programa an otros nueve paã ­ses. Pero no feed fecha de cunto eso podrã ­a convertirse en una realidad. Child estos: ArgentinaBrasilBulgariaChipreIsraelPoloniaRumanà ­aTurquà ­aUruguay Argentina y Uruguay ya pertenecieron an este grupo. El primero fue excluido en 2002 y el segundo un aã ±o ms tarde. Ciudadanos de Canad, pasos migratorios Los canadienses pueden entrar sin visa an Estados Unidos como turistas por un plazo mximo de seis meses. No pertenecen al grupo de VWP. Simplemente no necesitan visado. Para acelerar el paso de control migratorio en los aeropuertos, los ciudadanos de estos paã ­ses del Programa de Exenciã ³n de Visados pueden utilizar el sistema APC (control de pasaportes automatizado). Si se desea aprender ms, se recomienda tomar este test de respuestas mã ºltiples para asegurarte de que conoces todas las reglas fundamentales sobre viajar sin visa y la autorizaciã ³n electrã ³nica conocida como ESTA. Para no tener problemas, lo mejor es evitarlos sabiendo cã ³mo. Evitar errores y disfrutar Estados Unidos como turista Para conservar tanto la visa de turista como el derecho an ingresar sin visa, es importante evitar estosâ 8 errores. Adems es importante conocer cules child las consecuenciasâ de quedarse ms tiempo del permitidoâ en los Estados Unidos y conâ cunta frecuencia se puede ingresarâ sin problemas.â Si se desea aprender ms, se recomienda tomar esteâ test de respuestas mã ºltiplesâ para asegurarte de que conoces todas las reglas fundamentales sobre viajar sin visa y la autorizaciã ³n electrã ³nica conocida como ESTA. Para no tener problemas, lo mejor es evitarlos sabiendo cã ³mo. Este es un artã ­culo informativo. No es asesorã ­a lawful.

Masonry History

Workmanship Brick and concrete have been significant development materials for quite a long time, and an accomplished artisan is a basic piece of practically any development group. Workmanship is a developing profession that requires information on history, materials, and strategies. Workmanship comprises of a variety of things, for example, laying block, square, or rock. It additionally comprises of pouring solid chunks, for example, establishments, carports, or in any event, pouring solid dividers. These aptitudes require particular preparing and practice to consummate. Stone work is the way toward developing a structure from singular blocks laid in a particular example and bound together† (What is Brick Masonry? ). This particular example that is bound together is known as a course. â€Å"Masonry is viewed as a tough development technique and block would one say one is of the most widely recognized kinds of stone work utilized in industrialized nations† (What is Brick Masonry? ). Solid bricklayers and solid finishers work outside together and complete the long procedure of pouring cement, for example, establishments, pieces, or steps (Porterfield).Concrete is all over the place: on parkways, scaffolds, walkways, or carports, pretty much all methods of voyaging (What is Brick Masonry? ). An assortment of aptitudes is required to be an accomplished artisan. â€Å"Keys to progress are dexterity, manual stopping, great parity, physical wellness, strong math aptitudes, and group playing ability† (What is Brick Masonry? ). Brick work has existed for a considerable length of time. â€Å"The Egyptian pyramids, stadium in Rome, India’s Taj Mahal, the Great Wall of China and a portion of the world’s most noteworthy compositional accomplishments have been worked with masonry† (Mason Contractors).Artistic, solid, and strong stone work structures have withstood the typical mileage for a considerable length of time (Mason Contracto rs). â€Å"Ancient records and unearthings show that block development goes back more than 5000 years† (Master Masonry). For quite a long time, before innovation came out, the bricklayer would need to hand structure his block that he was to lay in the divider later (Master Masonry). â€Å"Many of the block utilized in development in the early American settlements were brought from England† (Master Masonry).Records show that the principal block at any point made in the United States were made in Virginia in 1611 and in Massachusetts in 1629 (Master Masonry). â€Å"In 1666 an extraordinary fire changed London from a city of wooden structures to a city of block construction† (Master Masonry). Since the English had first constructed everything in London out of wood, it acted, for example, a chain response and torched the entire city (Master Masonry). The British understood that block was a superior material for their necessities, thus did numerous different civic es tablishments. Through human advancement, engineers and structures have picked stone work for its excellence, flexibility, and durability† (Mason Contractors). Stone work is utilized to stop fiascos, for example, the London fire since it is impervious to fire, seismic tremors, and sounds (Mason Contractors). Since brick work is so famous, American bricklayers can persuade hope to be paid well. On normal a block artisan gets paid $30. 50 60 minutes (Bricklayers). â€Å"Bricklayers who work all day may get advantages, for example, medical coverage, paid excursion, wiped out leave, and retirement plan† (Bricklayers).However awful climate or downturns in development action can lessen hours (Bricklayers). 50% of block bricklayers make $22. 56 with a yearly compensation of $46,000 every year (Brick artisans and Block bricklayers). Earth’s extending populace provides bricklayers some professional stability. â€Å"As the populace develops more schools, homes, manufacturi ng plants, and different structures will be needed† (Bricklayers). This development will add to the interest for bricklayers and stonemasons. â€Å"Employment of bricklayers and stone artisans is delicate to the economy; on the off chance that the economy eases back down, at that point so does construction† (Bricklayers).Demand may likewise originate from the individuals who are remodeling existing workmanship structures to possibly start another business or make another home to live in (Bricklayers). â€Å"With a disintegrating framework all through the nation the interest for concrete artisans who can fix and construct thruways, spans, and different structures will be high in the coming years† (Porterfield). New worries over the expense of warming and cooling structures laborers imply that laborers should construct vitality effective structures in the coming years additionally (Bricklayers). The interest for terrazzo laborers block layers and stone bricklayers is additionally expected to succeed the gracefully of talented workers† (Porterfield). One isn't required to head off to college to be an artisan, yet it is acceptable to take courses, for example, development exchanges or business classes. â€Å"There are likewise useful secondary school classes that [one] can accept, for example, carpentry, polynomial math, or physics† (Bricklayers). These classes can help in different professions as well, not simply stone work. â€Å"Since there are no school prerequisites a few organizations may require [one] to be at an accomplished level before they will employ [one] on† (Porterfield).They may expect one to two years experience to come on as a layer, or they may not require any understanding to come on as a worker who just blends mud or takes block to the layers. â€Å"Apprenticeship programs complete four years of at work; preparing, [one is] paid for the time [one spends] at work and [one receives] in any event 144 hours of study hall training† (Bricklayers). Bricklayers begin at work by looking at the outline or structure to perceive what work should be done, and afterward they begin to empty the provisions for the activity (Bricklayers). Bricklayers at that point establish the framework, at that point they spread the mortar, at that point they tap the block into place† (Bricklayers). Artisans measure the good ways from the reference focuses utilizing levels or plumb lines (Bricklayers). â€Å"Bricklayers mark advisers for follow as they lay the material† (Bricklayers). Bricklayers start at corners since they are generally troublesome. The more experienced artisans do the corners and the less experienced fill the corners in to frame the divider (Bricklayers). There are an assortment of approaches to lay block, and there are numerous structures and arrangements artisans use.With all that will be stated, individuals intrigued by workmanship should realize that a course is a column of block, a header is the point at which the short side of the block faces out, and a cot is the point at which the long side of the block faces out (Bradshaw). The first and most fundamental sort of block design is a running security; this is the place the security interchanges as opposed to being stacked upon each other (Bradshaw). A typical bond happens when a header is laid with the goal that the little end just shows up on the essence of the divider. A cot is a block laid to such an extent that the long, tight side just shows up on the essence of the wall.Brick laid in like manner bond with 6th course headers will have five columns of cots, one line of headers, at that point five additional lines of cots, and one more line of headers(Bradshaw). At that point there is the stack bond, which is the place the block is stacked right on one another (Bradshaw). There is additionally an English bond, which has one full course of cots and another full course of headers that substitute in that capacity (Bradshaw). A Flemish bond is the place each course is made of rotating headers and stretchers.Then there is the herringbone bond, in which each course is laid at a point with the edge contingent upon the bearing of the course. The Flemish and herringbone bonds are the most troublesome ones to lay on the grounds that the style is so nitty gritty. A bricklayer must gauge and level the work precisely in light of the fact that defects show effectively in both these styles (Bradshaw). The graph underneath is contains photos of the six most basic sorts of workmanship bonds. These bonds are utilized in most business stone work occupations. Various kinds of bonds are utilized relying upon issues like client inclinations and the sorts of structure being developed. Six Types of Masonry Bonds Running Bond |Common Bond | |[pic] | |Stack Bond |English Bond | |[pic] | |Flemish Bond |Herringbone Bond | |[pic] | Source: Brickwork GuideMasonry is a significant piece of development all through the world. It has been around for many years and has developed and changed a ton since it was started, which makes it a decent development technique. The compensation for a progressively experienced artisan it remarkable, and the compensation for an unpracticed one is still route better than expected. The interest for bricklayers has gone down a ton in the previous years, however I imagine that it will begin to ascend in the coming years. One better thing about the profession is there is no tutoring required; one simply needs understanding. These extraordinary reasons are the reason anybody capable ought to get into brick work to begin an incredible vocation for a mind-blowing remainder.